Monday, August 2, 2010

Bellybuttons

WASHINGTON (AFP) – Scientists have found the reason why blacks dominate on the running track and whites in the swimming pool: it's in their belly-buttons, a study published Monday shows.

What's important is not whether an athlete has an innie or an outie but where his or her navel is in relation to the rest of the body, says the study published in the International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics.

The navel is the center of gravity of the body, and given two runners or swimmers of the same height, one black and one white, "what matters is not total height but the position of the belly-button, or center of gravity," Duke University professor Andre Bejan, the lead author of the study, told AFP.

"It so happens that in the architecture of the human body of West African-origin runners, the center of gravity is significantly higher than in runners of European origin," which puts them at an advantage in sprints on the track, he said.

Individuals of West African-origin have longer legs than European-origin athletes, which means their belly-buttons are three centimeters (1.18 inches) higher than whites', said Bejan.

That means the black athletes have a "hidden height" that is three percent greater than whites', which gives them a significant speed advantage on the track.

"Locomotion is essentially a continual process of falling forward, and mass that falls from a higher altitude, falls faster," Bejan explained.

In the pool, meanwhile, whites have the advantage because they have longer torsos, making their belly-buttons lower in the general scheme of body architecture.

"Swimming is the art of surfing the wave created by the swimmer," said Bejan.

"The swimmer who makes the bigger wave is the faster swimmer, and a longer torso makes a bigger wave. Europeans have a three-percent longer torso than West Africans, which gives them a 1.5-percent speed advantage in the pool," he said.

Asians have the same long torsos as Europeans, giving them the same potential to be record-breakers in the pool.

But they often lose out to whites because whites are taller, said Bejan.

Many scientists have avoided studying why blacks make better sprinters and whites better swimmers because of what the study calls the "obvious" race angle.

But Bejan said the study he conducted with Edward Jones, a professor at Howard University in Washington, and Duke graduate Jordan Charles, focused on the athletes' geographic origins and biology, not race, which the authors of the study call a "social construct."

Bejan is white, originally from Romania, and Jones is black, from South Carolina.

They charted and analyzed nearly 100 years of records in men's and women's sprinting and 100-meters freestyle swimming for the study.

6 comments:

RM said...

Didn't Stevie Wonder and Paul McCartney do a song about this subject?

Jake Marren said...

Paul and MJ did a sweet duet "the girl is mine," but that was not about belly buttons. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y96mdVTMByk

RM said...

Well Paul wrote "ebony and ivory" and performed with Stevie, although the two didn't record together. I think MJ did a remake with Paul, in addition to obviously "the girl is mine".

Then Michael Jackson bought the rights to all the Beatles songs and it was real stupid of them to let him do that.

PR said...

I had Bejan for a class last semester. He's a humorously cocky Romanian that teaches thermodynamics. Needless to say, seeing his name on this survey came out of left field for me, but it certainly is interesting to think about.

PR said...

I had Bejan for a class last semester. He's a humorously cocky Romanian that teaches thermodynamics. Needless to say, seeing his name on this survey came out of left field for me, but it certainly is interesting to think about.

keens said...

I never thought that navel has relation to the rest of our body...that is a nice fact...thanks for sharing this post...I'll better check my bellybuttons to know what sport I'm preferred for...:D